Papers. 1840-1885.

Grant, Ulysses Simpson, 1822-1885

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Ulysses S. Grant (born Hiram Ulysses Grant, April 27, 1822, Point Pleasant, Ohio-died July 23, 1885, Wilton, New York) was the 18th president of the United States, serving from 1869 to 1877. As president, Grant was an effective civil rights executive who worked with the Radical Republicans during Reconstruction to protect African Americans, created the Justice Department, and reestablish the public credit. Promoted lieutenant-general, in 1864, Grant led the Union Army in winning the American Civ...

Sheridan, Philip Henry, 1831-1888

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Sheridan claimed he was born in Albany in the State of New York, the third child of six of John and Mary Meenagh Sheridan, Irish Catholic immigrants from the parish of Killinkere in County Cavan, Ireland. He grew up in Somerset, Ohio. Fully grown, he reached only 165 cm (5 feet 5 inches) tall, a stature that led to the nickname, "Little Phil." Abraham Lincoln described his appearance in a famous anecdote: "A brown, chunky little chap, with a long body, short legs, not enough neck to hang him, an...

Halleck, Henry Wager, 1815-1872

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Halleck was born on a farm in Westernville, Oneida County, New York, third child of 14 of Joseph Halleck, a lieutenant who served in the War of 1812, and Catherine Wager Halleck. Young Henry detested the thought of an agricultural life and ran away from home at an early age to be raised by an uncle, David Wager of Utica. He attended Hudson Academy and Union College, then the United States Military Academy. He became a favorite of military theorist Dennis Hart Mahan and was allowed to teach class...

Sherman, William T. (William Tecumseh), 1820-1891

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Sherman was born in 1820 in Lancaster, Ohio, near the banks of the Hocking River. His father, Charles Robert Sherman, a successful lawyer who sat on the Ohio Supreme Court, died unexpectedly in 1829. He left his widow, Mary Hoyt Sherman, with eleven children and no inheritance. After his father's death, the nine-year-old Sherman was raised by a Lancaster neighbor and family friend, attorney Thomas Ewing, Sr., a prominent member of the Whig Party who served as senator from Ohio and as the first S...

United States Military Academy

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West Point, N.Y., was originally utilized as a strategic defense location during the American Revolution. West Point is geographically located on a 100 ft. plateau overlooking the Hudson River. After the American victory Congress created a Corps of Invalids (veterans) that were transferred to West Point for the purpose of instructing candidates for commission. In 1802 Congress legally established the United States Military Academy at West Point. The Academy produced many leaders of American forc...

Custer, George Armstrong, 1839-1876

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Custer's paternal ancestors, Paulus and Gertrude Küster, came to the North American English colonies around 1693 from the Rhineland in Germany, probably among thousands of Palatines whose passage was arranged by the English government to gain settlers in New York and Pennsylvania. According to family letters, Custer was named after George Armstrong, a minister, in his devout mother's hope that her son might join the clergy. Custer was born in New Rumley, Ohio, to Emanuel Henry Custer (1806...

Lee, Robert Edward, 1807-1870

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Robert Edward Lee (1807-1870) served as General of the Confederate Army in the U.S. Civil War and was president of Washington College in Lexington, Virginia from 1865 to 1870. Lee spent the first twenty-three years of his military career in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. From 1837 to 1841 he was superintending engineer for the harbor of St. Louis and the upper Mississippi and Missouri rivers. Robert E. Lee was a United States Army officer, 1829-1861; commander of Virginia forces in the ...

Lowe, John W., fl. 1846-1847.

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Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865

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Abraham Lincoln (born February 12, 1809, Sinking Spring Farm near Hodgenville, Kentucky-died April 15, 1865, Washington, D.C.) was the sixteenth President of the United States from 1861 until his death by assassination. He was the son of a Kentucky frontiersman, Thomas Lincoln, and Nancy Hanks. In 1816, Lincoln moved to Pigeon Creek, Indiana, where he worked on his family's farm. Following his mother's death two years later, he continued working on farms until moving with his father to New Sa...

Meade, George Gordon, 1815-1872

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Meade was a US Army officer, most noted for his route of Gen. Robert E. Lee at the Battle of Gettysburg in July of 1863 during the U.S. Civil War. From the description of [Document and photograph] / Geo. M. Meade. [1863] (Smith College). WorldCat record id: 287187126 ...

Newman, John Philip, 1826-1899

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Clergyman. From the description of Papers of John Philip Newman, 1869-1905. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 79454020 Methodist Episcopal Bishop. From the description of Autograph letter signed : New York, to President Arthur, 1882 Mar. 16. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270610592 ...

Kendrick, Henry L. (Henry Lane), 1811-1891

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Griffith, Mckinstry, fl. 1840.

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Hoskins, John Dean Charles, 1846-1937.

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Schofield, John McAllister, 1831-1906

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U.S. Secretary of War. From the description of Letter signed : Washington, D.C., 1869 Jan. 26. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270635150 U.S. secretary of war and army officer. From the description of Papers of John McAllister Schofield, 1837-1906 (bulk 1862-1895). (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 74984707 American army officer. From the description of Autograph letter signed : West Point, New York, to David A. Wells, [no year] May 27. (Unknown)...

Pope, John, 1822-1892

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Pope, son of Illinois politician and judge Nathaniel Pope, was a West Point graduate and had an army career. After the Union army loss at 2nd Manassas (Bull Run) in August 1862, Pope was sent to Minnesota to put down the Sioux Indian uprising. He retired from the army in 1886. From the description of Letters, June 1861. (Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library). WorldCat record id: 310760857 American army officer. From the description of Autograph letter signed : Fo...

Thomas, George Henry, 1816-1870

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Thomas was born at Newsom's Depot, Southampton County, Virginia, five miles (8 km) from the North Carolina border. His father, John Thomas, of Welsh descent, and his mother, Elizabeth Rochelle Thomas, a descendant of French Huguenot immigrants, had six children. George had three sisters and two brothers. The family led an upper-class plantation lifestyle. By 1829, they owned 685 acres (2.77 km2) and 24 slaves. John died in a farm accident when George was 13, leaving the family in financial diffi...

Buckner, Simon Bolivar, 1823-1914

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Simon Bolivar Buckner, governor of Kentucky during 1887-91, was born near Munfordville, Kentucky, in 1823, to Aytell Hartswell and Elizabeth Ann Buckner. He entered West Point in 1840 and saw active duty in the Mexican War after graduation. He later became head of Kentucky's state militia, then joined the Confederate Army as brigadier general at the start of the Civil War. After the war, Buckner was a journalist and businessman in New Orleans until he was allowed to return to Kentucky in 1868. I...